| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Background: As key members of the care and treatment system, nurses play a vital role in providing care, preventing accidents, optimizing, and increasing the efficiency of medical services and treatment results in patients. Temperament/ Character of nurses, which consists of the components of nature and character. Examining the Temperament/ Character leads to the identification of traits that can lead to success or failure in different situations or jobs. Temperament/ Character is also very important in the work field of nurses, and it is one of the areas that need attention in the nursing profession, which can be effective in various fields of work, professional, care, etc. Various factors can affect Temperament/ Character. One of the factors that seem to be related to some of its components is the circadian rhythm in which nurses often experience disturbances. Considering the importance of examining and evaluating the personality dimensions of the nature and character of nurses and the effects of the morning-evening rhythm and the lack of a study on it, this study aims to determine the relationship between circadian rhythm and Temperament/ Character of nurses working in selected Teaching centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences, 2021.
Method: This research was a descriptive correlation cross-sectional study. The statistical population of this research is made up of all nurses working in medical training centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The research sample was 200 nurses working in these centers who met the criteria for entering the study. The sampling method of this research was non-probability and a combination of analytical and cross-sectional methods, and 4 centers were randomly selected for the research from among the different departments of medical education centers at the Iran University of Medical Sciences. To collect information, a demographic information form, morning-evening questionnaire (MEQ), and personality questionnaire (Cloninger) were used. Morning-Evening Questionnaire (MEQ) of 19 items, which is used to determine the morning-evening rhythm of people. The range of scores is from 16 to 86, and higher scores indicate more morningness and lower scores indicate more eveningness. The 5 classifications made for this questionnaire are: 70-86 are completely morning, 59-69 are relatively morning, 42-58 are moderate, 31-41 are relatively morning and 16-30 are considered completely evening. Its internal consistency was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.86, and its validity was reported to be high and favorable with the test-retest method. The TCI nature and character questionnaire consisted of 240 questions, in this study the 125-question form will be used as a self-report. This questionnaire has 7 components, including 4 components in the nature dimension (innovativeness, harm avoidance, dependence on rewards, and perseverance) with 60 statements and 3 components in the character dimension (self-strategy, cooperation, and self-promotion) with 65 statements, which are answered as Two options are true and false. Its internal reliability was reported by Cronbach's alpha from 0.66 to 0.87. To describe the findings of the research, descriptive statistics indicators, average indicators (mean, median, mean) dispersion indicators; Variance and standard deviation, and distribution indices (skewness, skewness) of graphs and percentage tables were used. Multivariate regression and Pearson correlation were used to test the research hypotheses. In this research, SPSS version 16 software was used for data analysis.
Results: The findings showed that 40.5% of the studied nurses were between 30 and 39 years old, 66.5% were male and 64% were married. The education of more than half of the researched units, i.e. 51.5%, was at the undergraduate level, and 67% had an average economic status. 60.5% were contracted and 59% were nurses, 38.5% had work experience between 1 and 4 years and 40% of the studied nurses had morning and evening shift work. The findings show that the average and standard deviation of nurses' circadian rhythm was 49.9±74.26, which means that most of the nurses studied, i.e. 64%, had a moderate circadian rhythm. The findings related to the temperament and character of nurses showed that among the subscales, perseverance with a mean and standard deviation of 68.6±23.85 and self-strategy with a mean and standard deviation of 43.6±16.84 respectively have the highest and lowest averages. among other subscales. The results showed that the temperament and character in the subscale of empathy against social rejection with a mean of 72.5 and a standard deviation of 29.44 were the highest and compassion against revenge with a mean of 33.87 and a standard deviation of 19.55 was the lowest. Correlation results showed that circadian rhythm in general had a weak statistically significant correlation with perseverance (p=0.039) and self-transcendence (p=0.047), which was negative. Also, circadian rhythm has a statistically significant relationship with age (p<0.001), gender (p=0.044), employment status (p=0.003), and work experience (p<0.001) Reward, persistence, self-strategy, cooperation, and self-confrontation had a statistically significant relationship with the demographic characteristics of nurses.
Conclusion: The obtained findings showed that most of the nurses had moderate circadian rhythms. Regarding their temperament and character, the results showed that the highest mean score was related to the persistence component and the lowest mean was related to self-strategy. Regarding the correlation of variables, the results showed that circadian rhythms had a statistically significant negative correlation with some components of temperament and character (persistence and self-reliance). Considering the importance of day-night types on the quality of people's performance and considering that the results of the present study showed that modern people have weaker caring behaviors than nurses with morning type, Also since caring behaviors play an important role in the process of recovery and care of patients, the officials and managers of hospitals must gain sufficient knowledge in the field of round-the-clock teams and to identify people of the modern team and take measures such as training, providing facilities and The special points are to determine the shifts of nurses according to their day and night types, to accelerate the improvement of the quality level of care of this spectrum of nurses to speed up the recovery process of patients and increase their satisfaction. |