| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Objectives: The primary objective is to find out the effect of training in adults and elderly so that it can be efficiently used in rehabilitation. The secondary objective is to compare the changes post training between the two groups. Methods: The study is Pre-post quasi-experimental study including normal individuals aged between 25-44 (adults) and 65-79 (elderly) years. The people suffering from disease of neuromuscular or musculoskeletal system were excluded. Grip strength (kg) and wrist movements (˚) were recorded on the equipment (pablo® system) and the scores of Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire (MHQ) were noted down after interviewing the individuals. Subjects were then given training (game-based) on pablo® system for 24 mins in a day thrice a week. Finally, post scores were recorded after 4 weeks of training. Results: Group 1 had mean age group of 35.8 ± 9 years while Group 2 with 68.5 ± 7.2 years. The data was analysed using ANOVA followed with Tukey-Kramer Multiple Comparisons Test. The within Group analysis of Group 1 showed difference (pre-post) of 1.09, 4.39 and 3.7in Grip strength, wrist extension and flexion respectively after the training. While the difference on different parameters of MHQ viz. function, work, pain and satisfaction was found out to be 2.7, 1, 1.1 and 0.3 respectively. No change was seen in ADLs and satisfaction. The within group analysis of Group 2 showed mean difference of 0.3 and 6.53 in grip strength and wrist extension respectively. Wrist flexion showed a decrease from pre to post. The difference on MHQ parameters; function, ADLs, work, pain, aesthetics and satisfaction was 2.4, 1.2, 2.4, 4, 0.5 and 1.59 respectively. Between group analysis showed better improvement of grip strength, wrist flexion, and function in adults while wrist extension, ADLs, and work were better in elderly. There was no significance found. Discussion: The earlier studies done on the visuomotor training using game-based rehabilitation, non immersive virtual reality or robotic therapy have already shown that it provides neuroplasticity, cortical reorganisation [28, 31] and enhance brain reward system [31,32] The low scores on some of the subjective parameters like satisfaction is because of different perceptions' in different individuals. Degenerative changes like Osteoarthritis could be a possible reason for high score of pain in elderly. Future studies are required with larger sample sizes, control groups, incorporating other factors etc. This study will help in overcoming the limitations of conventional protocols such as labour, compliance, and adherence playing an important role in rehabilitation especially Neurorehabilitation providing a new look to it. |