| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Background: Iranian students come from a diverse ethnicity and considerable cultural diversity. This study examines the status of national solidarity in Kurdish and Baluchi students in Iran. Method: This study was conducted in systematic review and meta-analysis and its statistical population includes all studies in the field of National Solidarity of Kurdish and Baluchi university students. Theses and research projects were searched through databases including the Iran National Library, the Libraries of University of Tehran, and the Libraries of Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution also Iranian Institute of Social and Cultural Studies. Articles are also accessed through Iranian academic portal databases including Ensani.ir, Noormags, Irandoc, Magiran, SID, Civilica, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science. All articles were searched by following keywords: national solidarity, cohesion, divergence, national identity, ethnic identity, university students and faculty members, Kurdish or Baluchi ethnicities, and Kurdistan, or Sistan and Baluchistan Province" and their English equivalent at international centers. Then, the data were collected using a researcher-made checklist and analyzed through meta-analysis methodology with CMA-2 software. Results: A total of 8 studies met the criteria for entering the meta-analysis. In all of these articles, Quantitative methodology and questionnaires was used for data collection. The meta-analysis of the studies in the field of national solidarity and a review of 50 hypotheses about the effect of 18 independent variables on national solidarity showed that the average overall effect size was 0.221, which was statistically significant (P< 0.001). The result, according to Cohen's Criterion, is relatively average. The emission bias tests indicated that there is no bias in the investigated studies. Bias propagation tests in meta-analysis indicated no bias propagation in the investigated studies. The Homogeneity test also showed that the independent variables play a moderating role; nevertheless, the ethnicity variable did not have a moderating role. Meanwhile, the greatest effect size was related to social solidarity (0.505), social capital (0.337), life satisfaction (0.332), personality traits (0.309), religious identity (0.228), political participation (0.227), and family interaction and solidarity (0.250). The mean effect size of the studies on the Kurdish ethnicity was 0.254 and the Baloch ethnicity was 0.144. Conclusion: Based on the total data analyzed, it can be concluded that the most significant positive factors affecting national solidarity consisted of social solidarity (0.505), social capital (0.337), and life satisfaction (0.332). Also, negative affective factors included feelings of deprivation (-0.184) and consuming alternative media networks (-0.16). |