| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Objective: The biomechanics research has shown that begins of overweight and obesity lead to changes in body balance that these changes can effect on gait and running. Thus check out gait pattern in who have overweight can prevention than problem of these people in all ages (6-8). In research of lai et all (2008) that was about weight increase and gait in adult, result show that obesity is along with low speed gait and increase step width (9), while nantel et al no in their research on children report significant different between people with and without overweight (10). Result show that there is significant negative solidarity between overweight and speed gait, but there is no significant different in accelerate and lengh gait in different people with different ages. Thus researchs is inconsistent in effect of overweight and age on gait and researchs report different result according to different ages and exist overweight. Thus we intended to in this research do comparison of gait kinematic people with and without over weight in different ages. Methods: This was a causal-comparative study in which participants were divided into eight groups (four normal groups and four overweight groups) based on body mass index (BMI). The statistical population of the study consisted of 9-85 year-olds in Mashhad who were selected purposefully based on available sampling from 105 volunteers, 40 who had the necessary conditions. Based on age, they were divided into four groups of 10 children, youth, middle-aged and elderly, including five participants with normal weight and five overweight participants, which included a total of eight groups in four age groups. Sica device was used to measure height and weight and motion analyzer which analyzed the movements with very high accuracy was used (23). The method of this study was that to start step analysis, the place where the step-taking experiment was to be conducted (motion analysis laboratory) was about 35 meters (7*5) And around it there were eight cameras for motion analysis, markers were installed on the subjects' bodies and the subjects traveled five times in a round-trip distance of six meters from the location of the motion analysis laboratory. QTM software was used to optimize the output information of the device. Klomogrov Smirnov test was used for normalization of data distribution, two-way variance analysis and LSD stalking test and SPSS software version 19 for statistical analysis and considered a significant level (p=0.05). Results: The results of two-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference in step velocity variables [effect of age (0.364) and body postural effect (0.487)}, dual support stage time [age effect (30) 0.4) and the effect of posture (0.092)} and stabilisation [age effect (0.094) and body posture effect (0.271)} did not show different age groups. However, there was a significant difference in step length variables [age effect (0.0001) and body posture effect (0.038)}, step width {age effect (0.01) and body posture effect (0.01) 0.017} and duration of resilience stage [age effect (0.0001) and posture effect (0.731)} between age groups with and without overweight showed. Now, considering the significant effect of age on step length, step width, duration of resilience stage, in order to determine which age groups this difference is between, we need to use LSD tracking test which results showed that step length in children is different from youth, middle-aged and elderly, and step length was also different among young people with the elderly. In the width of the step, there was a difference between children and middle-aged and elderly, and also young people were different from middle-aged, and in the duration variable, the resilience phase of children was different from young people, middle-aged and elderly. There was a significant difference in body posture variable during step length and step width, Therefore, we used t-test and compared those with and without overweight in step length and width in each age group, which showed a significant difference in step length variable (p=0.035) in middle-aged and also in step width (p=0.002) in children. Discussion: In the step length variable, children were different from all ages, which seems to be an effective factor in the variable length of height step, which increases with age after childhood and this factor causes difference between children's step length and other age groups (21). Also, it seems that since the peak of power is in youth and with reaching old age the power decreases, the reason for the difference in step length in the group of youth and the elderly is also strength (26). Also, there was a significant difference between middle-aged and overweight in step length factor, which seems to be due to limb weight and balance index (25, 26). At the width of the step, the results showed a significant difference in the step width of overweight children with middle-aged and elderly, which may be related to the onset of weight gain in childhood. According to developmental studies, most overweight and obese adults have been obese and overweight children which probably indicates the onset of overweight and obesity for the first time in childhood (27). In the present study, there was a significant difference between the age groups of children with youth, middle-aged and elderly during the resilience phase and with increasing age to young period, the duration of resilience increased, but then during the youth, middle age and aging, there were no significant differences between the age groups That may be the difference between the group of children and other age groups due to the increase in the time of the swinging stage with the increase in step length from childhood to adulthood Because with increasing height, step length increases (28) and there is a high correlation between step length and duration of warping stage (29). |