| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Background and objective: Nowadays, due to the ever-increasing growth of the population and the development of urbanization, living and working in the central tissues of cities has increased greatly. With the increase of urban densities in the central fabric of cities, when accidents such as earthquakes, fires, etc. occur, it will create more challenges for residents, and safe emergency exit and evacuation is one of them. At the same time, it is very necessary to provide innovative and optimal solutions to save human lives. Therefore, in this article, considering the possible upcoming crises and the necessity of people's, cities and managers' preparation, the variables influencing the crisis management of urban contexts, especially emergency evacuations, have been identified. Neighborhoods of 8 District Tabriz city) have been investigated to identify safe spaces and buildings.
Method: In this research, with the aim of identifying and investigating safe spaces and buildings in emergency evacuation in the eight districts of Tabriz, using a comparative strategy with a quantitative method, using a field survey method with Geographical Information System (GIS) and Index overlay technique and a questionnaire. 35 urban planning experts (theoretical and executive) were selected to verify the model and score of each variable. At first, by examining the concepts of crisis, the need for crisis management and emergency evacuation, the dimensions of the issue were identified, and finally, the conceptual framework of the research was presented based on the variables influencing this issue to be tested in a case study.
Findings: Based on the studies conducted and the conceptual model of the research, two main pillars in the issue of emergency evacuation can be imagined under the title of safe space and safe building. The topic of safe space itself is divided into two parts: the centrality of the space and the centrality of the characteristics of the platform. In total, it can be said that there are 11 variables for identifying spaces and buildings in emergency evacuation, including: distance from uses such as religious, educational, sports, terminals, parking lots, green spaces, open spaces, hazardous facilities, fire stations Address is the distance from roads and faults.
Conclusion: According to the investigations, it can be said that the eight metropolitan areas of Tabriz are in a high vulnerability range, and the background characteristics of the old fabric, such as compression, etc., have increased this level of vulnerability. On the other hand, the presence of spaces and buildings such as Alishah Citadel and Mosala Tabriz, existing parks and green spaces, open and public spaces such as the old square (Mohagheghi Square), fire stations and educational and religious centers have a key role in emergency evacuation. Equipping these spaces with basic facilities for the presence of people is very important and requires the attention of urban planners and managers.
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