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، جلد ۱۹، شماره ۱، صفحات ۰-۰
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| عنوان فارسی |
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| چکیده فارسی مقاله |
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| کلیدواژه‌های فارسی مقاله |
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| عنوان انگلیسی |
Effect of Exposure to Toxic Compounds on Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) - A Narrative Review |
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| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Background and Aim: Exposure to toxic compounds is a significant risk factor for developmental language disorder (DLD) in children. This review article aims to evaluate and discuss the impact of major toxic compounds, such as phthalates, heavy metals, alcohol, smoking, and substance abuse on DLD.
Methods: In this review, we analyzed research data from studies conducted between 1990 and 2024. We searched relevant MeSH terms in international databases, resulting in the identification of 312 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 42 articles were selected for analysis.
Results: The evaluated toxic compounds were found to affect children with DLD. Two main routes of children's exposure to toxic compounds were identified: indirect exposure through mothers during pregnancy and direct exposure through other babies after birth. It was observed that essential metals for the body's metabolism, such as zinc and selenium, have inverse relationships with DLD, unlike toxic metals.
Conclusions: To minimize DLD risks, it is crucial to reduce children’s exposure to toxic compounds. It is recommended to measure levels of toxic compounds in pregnant mothers' blood during the last trimester and again at six months after the babies' birth. Cases with high levels of toxic compounds should be followed by clinical and laboratory examinations to minimize or prevent language development delays in children.
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| کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله |
Developmental language disorder, Neurodevelopmental , Specific language impairment, Toxic compounds |
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| نویسندگان مقاله |
| Amir Shiani
Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| Borhan Mansouri
Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| Amir Kiani
Regenerative Medicine Research Center (RMRC), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| Tooraj Massahi
Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| Abdullah Khalid Omer
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| Kiomars Sharafi
Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| Kamran Tavakolh
College of Medicine, Howard University. Washington, DC, USA.
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| نشانی اینترنتی |
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1305-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 |
| فایل مقاله |
فایلی برای مقاله ذخیره نشده است |
| کد مقاله (doi) |
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| زبان مقاله منتشر شده |
en |
| موضوعات مقاله منتشر شده |
عمومی |
| نوع مقاله منتشر شده |
کاربردی |
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