Background and Purpose: The construction industry creates various health risks to workers, affecting their physical and mental well-being. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and job satisfaction in construction workers, focusing on the mediating role of job stress.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study assesses 100 construction workers in Tehran City, Iran, in 2020. The study data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the health and safety executive occupational stress, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and Herzberg’s job satisfaction questionnaire. Structural equation modeling and path analysis were used for data analysis.
Results: Among 100 randomly selected construction workers, the Mean±SD scores for job stress, sleep quality, and job satisfaction were determined to be 3.43±0.59, 7.38±3.48, and 363.41±53.78, respectively. Sleep quality showed negative and positive correlations with job stress (r=-0.165, P<0.05) and job satisfaction (r=0.333, P<0.01), respectively. The direct effect of sleep quality on job satisfaction was not significant (0.136, P=0.257), while the direct effect of job stress on job satisfaction was significant (0.318, P=0.007). The indirect effect of sleep quality on job satisfaction through job stress was also not significant (-0.123, P=0.257). 
Conclusion: Construction workers experience moderate job stress and sleep quality but low job satisfaction. A significant negative correlation was observed between sleep quality, job stress, and job satisfaction. While job stress directly and significantly impacts job satisfaction, the direct effect of sleep quality on job satisfaction is not significant. Improving sleep quality may indirectly enhance job satisfaction by mitigating the adverse effects of job stress.